Proteolytic and Structural Changes in Rye and Triticale Roots under Aluminum Stress

Cells

Mateusz Labudda¹  Joanna Szewińska¹  Elżbieta Różańska²  Ewa Papierowska³ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;Water Centre, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 6, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;

关键词: abiotic stress;    aluminum;    heavy metal;    phytocystatin;    plant anatomy;    protease inhibitor;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells10113046

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Proteolysis and structural adjustments are significant for defense against heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the Al³⁺ stress alters protease activity and the anatomy of cereale roots. Azocaseinolytic and gelatinolytic measurements, transcript-level analysis of phytocystatins, and observations under microscopes were performed on the roots of Al³⁺-tolerant rye and tolerant and sensitive triticales exposed to Al³⁺. In rye and triticales, the azocaseinolytic activity was higher in treated roots. The gelatinolytic activity in the roots of rye was enhanced between 12 and 24 h in treated roots, and decreased at 48 h. The gelatinolytic activity in treated roots of tolerant triticale was the highest at 24 h and the lowest at 12 h, whereas in treated roots of sensitive triticale it was lowest at 12 h but was enhanced at 24 and 48 h. These changes were accompanied by increased transcript levels of phytocystatins in rye and triticale-treated roots. Light microscope analysis of rye roots revealed disintegration of rhizodermis in treated roots at 48 h and indicated the involvement of root border cells in rye defense against Al³⁺. The ultrastructural analysis showed vacuoles containing electron-dense precipitates. We postulate that proteolytic-antiproteolytic balance and structural acclimation reinforce the fine-tuning to Al³⁺.

【 授权许可】

Unknown