Multiple Non-Species-Specific Pathogens Possibly Triggered the Mass Mortality in Pinna nobilis

Life

Fabrizio Atzori¹  Nicoletta Cadoni¹  Vittorio Gazale²  Piero Cossu³  Ilenia Azzena³  Fabio Scarpa³  Marco Casu³  Giuseppe Esposito³  Elisabetta Antuofermo³  Daria Sanna⁴  Sepideh Hosseini⁴  Leonardo Antonio Sechi⁴  Viviana Pasquini⁵  Piero Addis⁵  David Cabana⁶  Stefania Pinna⁶  Daniele Grech⁶  Davide Mugetti⁷  Francesco Cerruti⁷  Marino Prearo⁷  Simone Peletto⁷  Marianna A. Mossa⁸  Tiziana Saba⁸ 

[1] Area Marina Protetta Capo Carbonara, Comune di Villasimius, Via Roma 60, 09049 Villasimius, Italy;Area Marina Protetta “Isola dell’Asinara”, 07046 Porto Torres, Italy;Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy;Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy;IMC-International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, Torregrande, 09170 Oristano, Italy;Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy;Regiona autonoma della Sardegna, Via Roma 80, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;

关键词: fan mussel;    Mycobacterium sp.;    Haplosporidium pinnae;    Rhodococcus erythropolis;    multifactorial disease;    Sardinia;   

DOI  :  10.3390/life10100238

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The fan mussel, Pinna nobilis, represents the largest bivalve endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. Since 2016, dramatic mass mortality of this species has been observed in several areas. The first surveys suggested that Haplosporidium pinnae (currently considered species-specific) was the main etiological agent, but recent studies have indicated that a multifactorial disease may be responsible for this phenomenon. In this study, we performed molecular diagnostic analyses on P. nobilis, P. rudis, and bivalve heterologous host species from the island of Sardinia to shed further light on the pathogens involved in the mass mortality. The results support the occurrence of a multifactorial disease and that Mycobacterium spp. and H. pinnae are not necessarily associated with the illness. Indeed, our analyses revealed that H. pinnae is not species-specific for P. nobilis, as it was present in other bivalves at least three years before the mass mortality began, and species of Mycobacterium were also found in healthy individuals of P. nobilis and P. rudis. We also detected the species Rhodococcus erythropolis, representing the first report in fan mussels of a bacterium other than Mycobacterium spp. and Vibrio spp. These results depict a complicated scenario, further demonstrating how the P. nobilis mass mortality event is far from being fully understood.

【 授权许可】

Unknown