Up‐And‐Coming Advances in Optical and Microwave Nonreciprocity: From Classical to Quantum Realm

Advanced Photonics Research

Vyacheslav P. Yakovlev¹  Sergey N. Romanenko²  Alex Krasnok³  Sergey V. Kutsaev⁴  Alexander Yu. Smirnov⁴  Kirill Taletski⁴ 

[1] Applied Science and Technology Division Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia IL 60510 USA;Department of Information Security Zaporizhzhya National Technical University Zhukovs'koho Street 64 Zaporizhzhia Zaporizhia Oblast 69063 Ukraine;Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York NY 10031 USA;RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC Santa Monica CA 90404 USA;

关键词: metasurfaces;    nonlinearity;    nonreciprocity;    quantum nonreciprocity;    time-modulation;    Weyl semimetals;   

DOI  :  10.1002/adpr.202000104

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Reciprocity is a fundamental physical principle that roots in the time‐reversal symmetry of physical laws. It allows making predictions on any arbitrary complex system's response and operation and hence simplifies the analysis. However, there are many practical situations in which it is advantageous to break reciprocity, e.g., isolators preventing wave scattering back to lasers and generators, full‐duplex systems for multiplexing transmission and receiving in the same channel, nonreciprocal cavity excitation, and protection of fragile states of superconductor quantum computers from thermal noise. The most widespread approach to time‐reversal symmetry breaking and nonreciprocity based on magnetic field biasing suffers from bulkiness, cost ineffectiveness, and loss, motivating researchers and engineers to search for more practical approaches. Herein, the up‐and‐coming advances in optical nonreciprocity, including new materials (Weyl semimetals, topological insulators, metasurfaces), active structures, time‐modulation, parity‐time (PT)‐symmetry breaking, nonlinearity combined with a structural asymmetry, quantum nonlinearity, unidirectional gain and loss, chiral quantum states and valley polarization are overviewed. A general description of nonreciprocal systems is provided and the pros and cons of the mentioned approaches to nonreciprocity are discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown