The Role of Epigenetic Functionalization of Implants and Biomaterials in Osseointegration and Bone Regeneration—A Review

Molecules

Christer Dahlin¹  Jincy Philip¹  Farah Asa’ad¹  Lena Larsson²  Goda Pelanyte³ 

[1] Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden;Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden;Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden;

关键词: epigenomics;    biomedical and dental materials;    dental implants;    microRNAs;    bone regeneration;    osseointegration;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules25245879

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The contribution of epigenetic mechanisms as a potential treatment model has been observed in cancer and autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. This review aims to put forward the epigenetic mechanisms as a promising strategy in implant surface functionalization and modification of biomaterials, to promote better osseointegration and bone regeneration, and could be applicable for alveolar bone regeneration and osseointegration in the future. Materials and Methods: Electronic and manual searches of the literature in PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were conducted, using a specific search strategy limited to publications in the last 5 years to identify preclinical studies in order to address the following focused questions: (i) Which, if any, are the epigenetic mechanisms used to functionalize implant surfaces to achieve better osseointegration? (ii) Which, if any, are the epigenetic mechanisms used to functionalize biomaterials to achieve better tissue regeneration? Findings from several studies have emphasized the role of miRNAs in functionalizing implants surfaces and biomaterials to promote osseointegration and bone regeneration, respectively. However, there are scarce data on the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications for these specific applications, despite being commonly applied in cancer research. Studies over the past few years have demonstrated that biomaterials are immunomodulatory rather than inert materials. In this context, epigenetics can act as next generation of advanced treatment tools for future regenerative techniques. Yet, there is a need to evaluate the efficacy/cost effectiveness of these techniques in comparison to current standards of care.

【 授权许可】

Unknown