Health Impact of PM10, PM2.5 and Black Carbon Exposure Due to Different Source Sectors in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Umea, Sweden

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Christer Johansson¹  Anders Engström Nylén¹  Kristina Eneroth¹  Bertil Forsberg²  David Segersson³  Lars Gidhagen³  Gunnar Omstedt³ 

[1] Environment and Health Administration, 38024 Stockholm, Sweden;Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umea University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, Sweden;

关键词: dispersion modeling;    exposure;    particulate matter;    residential wood combustion;    health impact assessment;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph14070742

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The most important anthropogenic sources of primary particulate matter (PM) in ambient air in Europe are exhaust and non-exhaust emissions from road traffic and combustion of solid biomass. There is convincing evidence that PM, almost regardless of source, has detrimental health effects. An important issue in health impact assessments is what metric, indicator and exposure-response function to use for different types of PM. The aim of this study is to describe sectorial contributions to PM exposure and related premature mortality for three Swedish cities: Gothenburg, Stockholm and Umea. Exposure is calculated with high spatial resolution using atmospheric dispersion models. Attributed premature mortality is calculated separately for the main local sources and the contribution from long-range transport (LRT), applying different relative risks. In general, the main part of the exposure is due to LRT, while for black carbon, the local sources are equally or more important. The major part of the premature deaths is in our assessment related to local emissions, with road traffic and residential wood combustion having the largest impact. This emphasizes the importance to resolve within-city concentration gradients when assessing exposure. It also implies that control actions on local PM emissions have a strong potential in abatement strategies.

【 授权许可】

Unknown