Physicochemical Variables Better Explain Changes in Microbial Community Structure and Abundance under Alternate Wetting and Drying Events

Agriculture

Muhammad Afzal¹  Antonio Castellano-Hinojosa²  Longda Gong³  Hongjie Di³  Abbas Ali Abid³  Xiang Zou³  Qichun Zhang³ 

[1] College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL 34142, USA;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;

关键词: microbial diversity;    wetting;    drying;    N-fertilization;    Hi-throughput sequencing;   

DOI  :  10.3390/agriculture12060762

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Soil microbial communities play an important role in nutrient cycling; however, their response under repeated long-term fertilization has attracted little attention and needs further appraisal. A 14-day incubation study compared the relative abundance, diversity, and composition of bacterial and fungal microbial communities in soils treated with long-term applications of chemical fertilizer (CF), pig manure plus chemical fertilizer (PMCF), and rice straw plus chemical fertilizer (SRCF) in a paddy field. A high-throughput sequencing approach was applied to assess the diversity and composition of microbial community. Results revealed the Shannon index of the bacterial community decreased with fertilizer addition but increased in case of fungal community. The abundance of the Actinobacteria was higher in the PMCF, while Proteobacteria were higher in the CF and SRCF treatments than those in the unamended control under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and permanent flooding (PF). In addition, chemical fertilizer history increased the abundance of Firmicutes under AWD. Initially, Nitrospira were found higher in the unamended control than in the amended treatments, but an increase was observed with time in fertilized treatments. Among all genera, Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacterial genus. The main properties that markedly affected the bacterial communities were SOC (R² = 0.4037, p < 0.02), available P (R² = 0.3273, p < 0.05), and NO₃⁻ (R² = 0.3096, p < 0.08). Soil physicochemical factors and biogenic factors explained a variation of 46.27% and 29.35%, respectively. At the same time, 4.59% was the combined effect of physicochemical and biogenic factors. Our results suggested that the physicochemical properties had a more significant impact on bacterial activities than water regime by increasing N and organic matter concentrations in the soils.

【 授权许可】

Unknown