Melatonin, Its Metabolites and Their Interference with Reactive Nitrogen Compounds

Molecules

Rüdiger Hardeland¹ 

[1] Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Bürgerstr. 50, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany;

关键词: AMK;    carbonate radicals;    melatonin;    nitration;    nitric oxide;    nitrosylation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules26134105

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Melatonin and several of its metabolites are interfering with reactive nitrogen. With the notion of prevailing melatonin formation in tissues that exceeds by far the quantities in blood, metabolites come into focus that are poorly found in the circulation. Apart from their antioxidant actions, both melatonin and N¹-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK) downregulate inducible and inhibit neuronal NO synthases, and additionally scavenge NO. However, the NO adduct of melatonin redonates NO, whereas AMK forms with NO a stable product. Many other melatonin metabolites formed in oxidative processes also contain nitrosylatable sites. Moreover, AMK readily scavenges products of the CO₂-adduct of peroxynitrite such as carbonate radicals and NO₂. Protein AMKylation seems to be involved in protective actions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown