Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort Study

Nutrients

Javier Mar¹  Pilar Amiano²  Eva Ardanaz²  Mikel Tainta³  Fernando Navarro-Mateu⁴  SandraM. Colorado-Yohar⁴  JoséMaría Huerta⁴  Carmen Navarro⁴  MaríaDolores Chirlaque⁴  Diana Gavrila⁴  Rosa Larumbe⁵  MaríaEncarnación Andreu-Reinón⁶ 

[1] Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain;CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;CITA Alzheimer Foundation, 20019 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;Murcia Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain;Public Health Institute of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;Section of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine. Rafael Méndez Hospital. Murcia Health Service, 30813 Lorca, Murcia, Spain;

关键词: Mediterranean diet;    dementia;    Alzheimer’s disease;    cohort study;    prospective analysis;    EPIC-Spain;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13020700

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown to reduce the occurrence of several chronic diseases. To evaluate its potential protective role on dementia incidence we studied 16,160 healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain Dementia Cohort study recruited between 1992–1996 and followed up for a mean (±SD) of 21.6 (±3.4) years. A total of 459 incident cases of dementia were ascertained through expert revision of medical records. Data on habitual diet was collected through a validated diet history method to assess adherence to the relative Mediterranean Diet (rMED) score. Hazard ratios (HR) of dementia by rMED levels (low, medium and high adherence levels: ≤6, 7–10 and ≥11 points, respectively) were estimated using multivariable Cox models, whereas time-dependent effects were evaluated using flexible parametric Royston-Parmar (RP) models. Results of the fully adjusted model showed that high versus low adherence to the categorical rMED score was associated with a 20% (HR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.60–1.06) lower risk of dementia overall and HR of dementia was 8% (HR = 0.92, 0.85–0.99, p = 0.021) lower for each 2-point increment of the continuous rMED score. By sub-types, a favorable association was also found in women for non-AD (HR per 2-points = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.62–0.89), while not statistically significant in men for AD (HR per 2-points = 0.88, 0.76–1.01). The association was stronger in participants with lower education. In conclusion, in this large prospective cohort study MD was inversely associated with dementia incidence after accounting for major cardiovascular risk factors. The results differed by dementia sub-type, sex, and education but there was no significant evidence of effect modification.

【 授权许可】

Unknown