Gender-Based Differences by Age Range in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Spanish Observational Cohort Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine

for the SEMI-COVID-19 Network¹  Vicente Giner-Galvañ²  Marcos Sánchez³  Santiago Jesús Freire Castro⁴  Manuel Rubio-Rivas⁵  Eva Ma Fonseca Aizpuru⁶  Victoria Nuñez Rodriguez⁷  Virginia Herrero García⁸  Alba Viana García⁹  Maria de los Reyes Pascual Pérez^1,10  Jesús Millán Núñez-Cortés^1,11  Neera Toledo Samaniego^1,11  José Manuel Casas Rojo^1,12  Francisco Javier Carrasco Sánchez^1,13  Francisco Arnalich Fernández^1,14  Jorge Serrano Ballesteros^1,15  Jose Javier Napal Lecumberri^1,16  Melani Pestaña Fernández^1,17  Juan Antonio Vargas Núñez^1,18  Claudia Josa-Laorden^1,19  María del Mar García Andreu^1,19  Anxela Crestelo-Vieitez^1,19  Marta Cobos-Siles^2,20  Rosario Iguaran Bermudez^2,21  Paula Maria Pesqueira Fontan^2,22  Almudena Hernández Milián^2,23 

[1] ;General Internal Medicine Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Alicante, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, A Coruña University Hospital, 15006 A Coruna, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08901 Barcelona, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Cabueñes Hospital, 33394 Gijón, Asturias, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Costa del Sol Hospital, 29603 Málaga, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Doctor José Molina Orosa Hospital, 25005 Arrecife, Lanzarote, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Dr. Peset University Hospital, 45017 Valencia, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Elda University General Hospital, Elda, 03600 Alicante, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Gregorio Marañon University Hospital, 28007 Madrid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Parla, 28981 Madrid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital, 21005 Huelva, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, La Princesa University Hospital, 28006 Madrid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Moisès Broggi Hospital, 08970 Sant Joan Despí, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Royo Villanova Hospital, Avenida San Gregorio 30, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Río Hortega University Hospital, Regional Health Management of Castilla y Leon (SACYL), 47012 Valladolid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Santiago Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    coronavirus;    COVID-19;    Spain;    gender differences;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jcm10050899

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

There is some evidence that male gender could have a negative impact on the prognosis and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between hospitalized men and women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study is based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We analyzed the differences between men and women for a wide variety of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables, and the sex distribution of the reported COVID-19 deaths, as well as intensive care unit (ICU) admission by age subgroups. This work analyzed 12,063 patients (56.8% men). The women in our study were older than the men, on average (67.9 vs. 65.7 years; p < 001). Bilateral condensation was more frequent among men than women (31.8% vs. 29.9%; p = 0.007). The men needed non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation more frequently (5.6% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001, and 7.9% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). The most prevalent complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome, with severe cases in 19.9% of men (p < 0.001). In men, intensive care unit admission was more frequent (10% vs. 6.1%; p < 0.001) and the mortality rate was higher (23.1% vs. 18.9%; p < 0.001). Regarding mortality, the differences by gender were statistically significant in the age groups from 55 years to 89 years of age. A multivariate analysis showed that female sex was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality in our study. Male sex appears to be related to worse progress in COVID-19 patients and is an independent prognostic factor for mortality. In order to fully understand its prognostic impact, other factors associated with sex must be considered.

【 授权许可】

Unknown