Characterization of Early Peripheral Immune Responses in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock

Biomedicines

Rebeca Osca-Verdegal¹  Federico V. Pallardó¹  Jesús Beltrán-García¹  Eva García-López¹  José Luis García-Giménez¹  Germán Casabó-Vallés²  Guadalupe Herrera³  José Ferreres⁴  María Rodriguez-Gimillo⁴  Nieves Carbonell⁴  Beatriz Jávega⁵  José-Enrique O’Connor⁵ 

[1] Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain;EpiDisease S.L. (Spin-Off CIBER-ISCIII), Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain;Flow Cytometry Unit, IIS INCLIVA, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain;Laboratory of Cytomics, Joint Research Unit CIPF-UVEG, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;

关键词: sepsis;    immune response;    innate immune system;    adaptive immune system;    cytokines;    immune mediators;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biomedicines10030525

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

(1) Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by an abnormal host response to infection that produces altered physiological responses causing tissue damage and can result in organ dysfunction and, in some cases, death. Although sepsis is characterized by a malfunction of the immune system leading to an altered immune response and immunosuppression, the high complexity of the pathophysiology of sepsis requires further investigation to characterize the immune response in sepsis and septic shock. (2) Methods: This study analyzes the immune-related responses occurring during the early stages of sepsis by comparing the amounts of cytokines, immune modulators and other endothelial mediators of a control group and three types of severe patients: critically ill non-septic patients, septic and septic shock patients. (3) Results: We showed that in the early stages of sepsis the innate immune system attempts to counteract infection, probably via neutrophils. Conversely, the adaptive immune system is not yet fully activated, either in septic or in septic shock patients. In addition, immunosuppressive responses and pro-coagulation signals are active in patients with septic shock. (4) Conclusions: The highest levels of IL-6 and pyroptosis-related cytokines (IL-18 and IL-1α) were found in septic shock patients, which correlated with D-dimer. Moreover, endothelial function may be affected as shown by the overexpression of adhesion molecules such as s-ICAM1 and E-Selectin during septic shock.

【 授权许可】

Unknown