Clinical, physical and lifestyle indicators and relationship with cognition and mood in aging: a cross-sectional analysis of distinct educational groups

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Pedro eCunha¹  Jorge eCotter¹  Carlos ePortugal-Nunes²  Patrício Soares Costa²  Joana Almeida Palha²  Nuno eSousa²  Liliana eAmorim²  João J Cerqueira²  Nadine Correia Santos² 

[1] Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave – EPE;Clinical Academic Center – Braga;ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory;Universidade do Minho;

关键词: Structural Equation Modeling;    stepwise regression;    Neurocognitive/neuropsychological assessment;    hierarchical regression;    latent cognitive score;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnagi.2014.00021

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

It is relevant to unravel the factors that may mediate the cognitive decline observed during aging. Previous reports indicate that education has a positive influence on cognitive performance, while age, female gender and, especially, depressed mood were associated with poorer performances across multiple cognitive dimensions (memory and general executive function). Herein, the present study aimed to characterize the cognitive performance of community-dwelling individuals within distinct educational groups categorized by the number of completed formal school years: less than 4, 4, completed primary education, and more than 4. Participants (n = 1051) were randomly selected from local health registries and representative of the Portuguese population for age and gender. Neurocognitive and clinical assessments were conducted in local health care centers. Structural equation modeling was used to derive a cognitive score, and hierarchical linear regressions were conducted for each educational group. Education, age and depressed mood were significant variables in directly explaining the obtained cognitive score, while gender was found to be an indirect variable. In all educational groups, mood was the most significant factor with effect on cognitive performance. Specifically, a depressed mood led to lower cognitive performance. The clinical disease indices cardiac and stroke associated with a more negative mood, while moderate increases in BMI, alcohol consumption and physical activity associated positively with improved mood and thus benefitted cognitive performance. Results warrant further research on the cause-effect (longitudinal) relationship between clinical indices of disease and risk factors and mood and cognition throughout aging.

【 授权许可】

Unknown