Proteomic Biomarkers of Retinal Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Shruti Sharma¹  Ashok Sharma¹  Hannah Youngblood²  Rebekah Robinson³ 

[1] Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;

关键词: diabetic retinopathy;    retinal inflammation;    proteomics;    biomarkers;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms20194755

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a sight-threatening neurovasculopathy, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. DR arises as the result of prolonged hyperglycemia and is characterized by leaky retinal vasculature, retinal ischemia, retinal inflammation, angiogenesis, and neovascularization. The number of DR patients is growing with an increase in the elderly population, and therapeutic approaches are limited, therefore, new therapies to prevent retinal injury and enhance repair are a critical unmet need. Besides vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced vascular proliferation, several other mechanisms are important in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, including vascular inflammation. Thus, combining anti-VEGF therapy with other new therapies targeting these pathophysiological pathways of DR may further optimize treatment outcomes. Technological advancements have allowed for high-throughput proteomic studies examining biofluids such as aqueous humor, vitreous humor, tear, and serum. Many DR biomarkers have been identified, especially proteins involved in retinal inflammatory processes. This review attempts to summarize the proteomic biomarkers of DR-associated retinal inflammation identified over the last several years.

【 授权许可】

Unknown