Enhancing the Oncolytic Activity of CD133-Targeted Measles Virus: Receptor Extension or Chimerism with Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Are Most Effective

Frontiers in Oncology

Kay-Martin Hanschmann¹  Kah-Whye Peng²  Camilo Ayala-Breton²  Christian J. Buchholz³  Dina Kleinlützum⁴  Alexander Muik⁵  Julia D. S. Hanauer⁵  Sarah-Katharina Kays⁵  Tobias Abel⁵  Michael D. Mühlebach⁶ 

[1] Biostatistics, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany;Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States;German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany;Molecular Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany;Product Testing of Immunological Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany;

关键词: glioblastoma;    hepatocellular carcinoma;    prominin-1;    virotherapy;    tumorsphere;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fonc.2017.00127

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Therapy resistance and tumor recurrence are often linked to a small refractory and highly tumorigenic subpopulation of neoplastic cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). A putative marker of CSCs is CD133 (prominin-1). We have previously described a CD133-targeted oncolytic measles virus (MV-CD133) as a promising approach to specifically eliminate CD133-positive tumor cells. Selectivity was introduced at the level of cell entry by an engineered MV hemagglutinin (H). The H protein was blinded for its native receptors and displayed a CD133-specific single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) as targeting domain. Interestingly, MV-CD133 was more active in killing CD133-positive tumors than the unmodified MV-NSe despite being highly selective for its target cells. To further enhance the antitumoral activity of MV-CD133, we here pursued arming technologies, receptor extension, and chimeras between MV-CD133 and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). All newly generated viruses including VSV-CD133 were highly selective in eliminating CD133-positive cells. MV-CD46/CD133 killed in addition CD133-negative cells being positive for the MV receptors. In an orthotopic glioma model, MV-CD46/CD133 and MVSCD-CD133, which encodes the super cytosine deaminase, were most effective. Notably, VSV-CD133 caused fatal neurotoxicity in this tumor model. Use of CD133 as receptor could be excluded as being causative. In a subcutaneous tumor model of hepatocellular cancer, VSV-CD133 revealed the most potent oncolytic activity and also significantly prolonged survival of the mice when injected intravenously. Compared to MV-CD133, VSV-CD133 infected a more than 104-fold larger area of the tumor within the same time period. Our data not only suggest new concepts and approaches toward enhancing the oncolytic activity of CD133-targeted oncolytic viruses but also raise awareness about careful toxicity testing of novel virus types.

【 授权许可】

Unknown