Day–Night Monitoring of Volcanic SO2 and Ash Clouds for Aviation Avoidance at Northern Polar Latitudes

Remote Sensing

David Schneider¹  Jeffrey Osiensky²  Nate Eckstein²  Nickolay Krotkov³  Kelvin Brentzel⁴  Can Li⁵  Jeremy Kirkendall⁶  Johanna Tamminen⁷  Seppo Hassinen⁷  Jennifer Delamere⁸  Jay Cable⁸  Carl Dierking⁸  Simon Carn⁹  Martin Stuefer^1,10  Vincent Realmuto^1,11  Garrett Layne^1,12  John Murray^1,13  Colin Seftor^1,14  Jason Li^1,14  Timo Ryyppö^1,15 

[1] Alaska Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, AK 99775, USA;Anchorage VAAC/AAWU, Anchorage, AK 99501, USA;Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA;Direct Readout Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA;Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;Environmental Systems Research Institute, Louisville, CO 40018, USA;Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00100 Helsinki, Finland;Geographic Information Network of Alaska, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA;NASA Earth Applied Sciences Disasters Program, Headquarters, Washington, DC 20001, USA;NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23666, USA;Ozone Science Investigator Processing Facility, Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD 20706, USA;Sodankylä Satellite Data Centre, FMI, 00100 Helsinki, Finland;

关键词: satellite direct readout;    volcanic sulfur dioxide;    volcanic ash;    aviation geophysical hazards;    ultraviolet remote sensing;    infrared remote sensing;   

DOI  :  10.3390/rs13194003

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

We describe NASA’s Applied Sciences Disasters Program, which is a collaborative project between the Direct Readout Laboratory (DRL), ozone processing team, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Geographic Information Network of Alaska (GINA), and Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), to expedite the processing and delivery of direct readout (DR) volcanic ash and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) satellite data. We developed low-latency quantitative retrievals of SO₂ column density from the solar backscattered ultraviolet (UV) measurements using the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) spectrometers as well as the thermal infrared (TIR) SO₂ and ash indices using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instruments, all flying aboard US polar-orbiting meteorological satellites. The VIIRS TIR indices were developed to address the critical need for nighttime coverage over northern polar regions. Our UV and TIR SO₂ and ash software packages were designed for the DRL’s International Planetary Observation Processing Package (IPOPP); IPOPP runs operationally at GINA and FMI stations in Fairbanks, Alaska, and Sodankylä, Finland. The data are produced within 30 min of satellite overpasses and are distributed to the Alaska Volcano Observatory and Anchorage Volcanic Ash Advisory Center. FMI receives DR data from GINA and posts composite Arctic maps for ozone, volcanic SO₂, and UV aerosol index (UVAI, proxy for ash or smoke) on its public website and provides DR data to EUMETCast users. The IPOPP-based software packages are available through DRL to a broad DR user community worldwide.

【 授权许可】

Unknown