Protein Restriction in the Peri-Pubertal Period Induces Autonomic Dysfunction and Cardiac and Vascular Structural Changes in Adult Rats

Frontiers in Physiology

Kesia Palma-Rigo¹  Rodrigo Mello Gomes²  Marcos Divino Ferreira Junior²  Keilah Valeria Naves Cavalcante²  Juliana Nunes de Lima Martins³  Jurandir Fernando Comar³  Maiara Vanusa Guedes Ribeiro⁴  Douglas Lopes Almeida⁴  Maria Natalia Chimirri Peres⁴  Gabriel kian Guimarães Lopes⁴  Silvano Piovan⁴  Géssica Dutra Gonçalves⁴  Anna Rebeka Oliveira Ferreira⁴  Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias⁴  Mariane Carneiro⁴  Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra⁴  James Andrew Armitage⁵ 

[1] Adventist College of Parana, Ivatuba, Brazil;Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil;Laboratory of Liver Metabolism and Radioisotopes, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil;Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil;School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia;

关键词: low protein diet;    hypertension;    autonomic nervous system;    developmental origins of health and disease;    peri-puberty;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphys.2022.840179

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Perturbations to nutrition during critical periods are associated with changes in embryonic, fetal or postnatal developmental patterns that may render the offspring more likely to develop cardiovascular disease in later life. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether autonomic nervous system imbalance underpins in the long-term hypertension induced by dietary protein restriction during peri-pubertal period. Male Wistar rats were assigned to groups fed with a low protein (4% protein, LP) or control diet (20.5% protein; NP) during peri-puberty, from post-natal day (PN) 30 until PN60, and then all were returned to a normal protein diet until evaluation of cardiovascular and autonomic function at PN120. LP rats showed long-term increased mean arterial pressure (p = 0.002) and sympathetic arousal; increased power of the low frequency (LF) band of the arterial pressure spectral (p = 0.080) compared with NP animals. The depressor response to the ganglion blocker hexamethonium was increased in LP compared with control animals (p = 0.006). Pulse interval variability showed an increase in the LF band and LF/HF ratio (p = 0.062 and p = 0.048) in LP animals. The cardiac response to atenolol and/or methylatropine and the baroreflex sensitivity were similar between groups. LP animals showed ventricular hypertrophy (p = 0.044) and increased interstitial fibrosis (p = 0.028) compared with controls. Reduced protein carbonyls (PC) (p = 0.030) and catalase activity (p = 0.001) were observed in hearts from LP animals compared with control. In the brainstem, the levels of PC (p = 0.002) and the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase (p = 0.044 and p = 0.012) were reduced in LP animals, while the levels of GSH and total glutathione were higher (p = 0.039 and p = 0.038) compared with NP animals. Protein restriction during peri-pubertal period leads to hypertension later in life accompanied by sustained sympathetic arousal, which may be associated with a disorganization of brain and cardiac redox state and structural cardiac alteration.

【 授权许可】

Unknown