Molecular and Signaling Mechanisms for Docosahexaenoic Acid-Derived Neurodevelopment and Neuroprotection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Hee-Yong Kim¹  Bill X. Huang¹  Arthur A. Spector¹ 

[1] Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;

关键词: docosahexaenoic acid;    phosphatidylserine;    N-docosahexaenoylphosphatidylethanolamine;    N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine;    synaptamide;    synaptic membrane proteins;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23094635

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The neurodevelopmental and neuroprotective actions of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are mediated by mechanisms involving membrane- and metabolite-related signal transduction. A key characteristic in the membrane-mediated action of DHA results from the stimulated synthesis of neuronal phosphatidylserine (PS). The resulting DHA-PS-rich membrane domains facilitate the translocation and activation of kinases such as Raf-1, protein kinase C (PKC), and Akt. The activation of these signaling pathways promotes neuronal development and survival. DHA is also metabolized in neural tissues to bioactive mediators. Neuroprotectin D1, a docosatriene synthesized by the lipoxygenase activity, has an anti-inflammatory property, and elovanoids formed from DHA elongation products exhibit antioxidant effects in the retina. Synaptamide, an endocannabinoid-like lipid mediator synthesized from DHA in the brain, promotes neurogenesis and synaptogenesis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. It binds to the GAIN domain of the GPR110 (ADGRF1) receptor, triggers the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, and activates the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). The DHA status in the brain influences not only the PS-dependent signal transduction but also the metabolite formation and expression of pre- and post-synaptic proteins that are downstream of the CREB and affect neurotransmission. The combined actions of these processes contribute to the neurodevelopmental and neuroprotective effects of DHA.

【 授权许可】

Unknown