Les stratégies d’accès au logement des Haïtiens dans l’agglomération de Cayenne comme facteurs de restructuration urbaine

L'Espace Politique

关键词: Haitians;    Cayenne;    land use;    habitat;    urban structure;    integration;   

DOI  :  10.4000/espacepolitique.1009

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Haitian migration in French Guyana started during the 1960s. However, at the beginning of the 1980s, political determinants have transformed the receiving country from a place of a temporary and an economic migration into a new home country. Today, as the biggest size of foreign population in Guyana, Haitians are looking for social integration. Also, they are associated to dynamics of access to land and decent habitat. Changing places to leave in the Cayenne agglomeration is closely connected to both the evolution of the individual project of migrants and their administrative status. Both parameters are conditions of urban trajectories which generate recompositions and socio-spatial fragmentations by illegal urban settlements. Moving statuses of previous houses from illegality to a legal situation sparks a negotiation process with various actors and interest groups. This dynamic involves political organizations, unions, public institutions and private land and house ownerships. In this view, the incorporation of immigrants in these organizations corresponds to their will to legally secure a former illegal construction made in a context of a discriminatory land legislation. In other words, choices of integration/reintegration of Haitian migrants affecting land use cut across multi-ethnic claims of coalitions of mobilizing grassroots. This pressure of the pluri-ethnic civil society on local governments gives new socio-economic rights in standard housing to naturalizing and needy people. Nevertheless, by pressuring the French State to recognize in an inclusive way the rights of all its citizens, this local social movement strongly differs from claims of a specific ethnic community in the Guyanese society; in the meantime, it is fueled by informal socio-cultural networks of various migrant communities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown