Printed Potentiometric Nitrate Sensors for Use in Soil

Sensors

卷:22

Margaret E. Payne¹  Anju Toor¹  Carol L. Baumbauer¹  Ana Claudia Arias¹  Whendee Silver²  Claire Beckstoffer²  Tyler Anthony²  Payton J. Goodrich³ 

[1] Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;

[2] Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;

[3] Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;

关键词: nitrate sensors;    potentiometric sensors;    precision agriculture;    printed sensors;    agricultural sensors;    ion-selective membrane;   

DOI  :  10.3390/s22114095

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Plant-available nitrogen, often in the form of nitrate, is an essential nutrient for plant growth. However, excessive nitrate in the environment and watershed has harmful impacts on natural ecosystems and consequently human health. A distributed network of nitrate sensors could help to quantify and monitor nitrogen in agriculture and the environment. Here, we have developed fully printed potentiometric nitrate sensors and characterized their sensitivity and selectivity to nitrate. Each sensor comprises an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode that are functionalized with polymeric membranes. The sensitivity of the printed ion-selective electrodes was characterized by measuring their potential with respect to a commercial silver/silver chloride reference electrode in varying concentrations of nitrate solutions. The sensitivity of the printed reference electrodes to nitrate was minimized with a membrane containing polyvinyl butyral (PVB), sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate. Selectivity studies with sulphate, chloride, phosphate, nitrite, ammonium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium showed that high concentrations of calcium can influence sensor behavior. The printed ion-selective and reference electrodes were combined to form a fully printed sensor with sensitivity of −48.0 ± 3.3 mV/dec between 0.62 and 6200 ppm nitrate in solution and −47 ± 4.1 mV/dec in peat soil.

【 授权许可】

Unknown