What's Normal? Microbiomes in Human Milk and Infant Feces Are Related to Each Other but Vary Geographically: The INSPIRE Study

Frontiers in Nutrition

卷:6

Andrew M. Prentice¹  Debela Gindola K.²  Linda J. Kvist³  Gloria E. Otoo⁴  Cristina García-Carral⁵  Esther Jiménez⁵  Lorena Ruiz⁶  Juan M. Rodríguez⁷  Rossina G. Pareja⁸  Lars Bode¹⁰  Daniel W. Sellen¹¹  Jessica A. Zachek¹²  Mark A. McGuire¹²  Janet E. Williams¹²  Elizabeth D. Benda¹²  Courtney L. Meehan¹³  James A. Foster¹⁴  Samwel Mbugua¹⁵  Egidioh W. Kamundia¹⁵  Elizabeth W. Kamau-Mbuthia¹⁵  Sophie E. Moore¹⁷  Kimberly A. Lackey¹⁸  Michelle K. McGuire¹⁸  William J. Price¹⁹ 

[1] 0MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom;

[2] 1Department of Anthropology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia;

[3] 2Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;

[4] 3Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;

[5] 4Probisearch, Tres Cantos, Spain;

[6] 5Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain;

[7] 6Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain;

[8] 7Nutrition Research Institute, Lima, Peru;

[9] 8Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States;

[10] 9Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States;

[11] Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;

[12] Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States;

[13] Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States;

[14] Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States;

[15] Department of Human Nutrition, Egerton University, Nakuru, Kenya;

[16] Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;

[17] MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia;

[18] Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States;

[19] Statistical Programs, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States;

关键词: human milk;    breastmilk;    feces;    microbiome;    international;    infant;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2019.00045

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Microbial communities in human milk and those in feces from breastfed infants vary within and across populations. However, few researchers have conducted cross-cultural comparisons between populations, and little is known about whether certain “core” taxa occur normally within or between populations and whether variation in milk microbiome is related to variation in infant fecal microbiome. The purpose of this study was to describe microbiomes of milk produced by relatively healthy women living at diverse international sites and compare these to the fecal microbiomes of their relatively healthy infants.Methods: We analyzed milk (n = 394) and infant feces (n = 377) collected from mother/infant dyads living in 11 international sites (2 each in Ethiopia, The Gambia, and the US; 1 each in Ghana, Kenya, Peru, Spain, and Sweden). The V1-V3 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to characterize and compare microbial communities within and among cohorts.Results: Core genera in feces were Streptococcus, Escherichia/Shigella, and Veillonella, and in milk were Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, although substantial variability existed within and across cohorts. For instance, relative abundance of Lactobacillus was highest in feces from rural Ethiopia and The Gambia, and lowest in feces from Peru, Spain, Sweden, and the US; Rhizobium was relatively more abundant in milk produced by women in rural Ethiopia than all other cohorts. Bacterial diversity also varied among cohorts. For example, Shannon diversity was higher in feces from Kenya than Ghana and US-California, and higher in rural Ethiopian than Ghana, Peru, Spain, Sweden, and US-California. There were limited associations between individual genera in milk and feces, but community-level analyses suggest strong, positive associations between the complex communities in these sample types.Conclusions: Our data provide additional evidence of within- and among-population differences in milk and infant fecal bacterial community membership and diversity and support for a relationship between the bacterial communities in milk and those of the recipient infant's feces. Additional research is needed to understand environmental, behavioral, and genetic factors driving this variation and association, as well as its significance for acute and chronic maternal and infant health.

【 授权许可】

Unknown