Pregnant Women in Four Low-Middle Income Countries Have a High Prevalence of Inadequate Dietary Intakes That Are Improved by Dietary Diversity

Nutrients

卷:11

UmberS. Khan¹  Sarah Saleem¹  SumeraAziz Ali¹  on behalf of the Women First Preconception Nutrition Trial Group²  JamieE. Westcott²  K.Michael Hambidge²  NancyF. Krebs²  RebeccaL. Lander²  TshilengeS. Diba³  Antoinette Tshefu³  Adrien Lokangaka³  Gabriela Tejeda⁴  Lester Figueroa⁴  Ana Garcés⁴  ElizabethM. McClure⁵  ManjunathS. Somannavar⁶  ShivaprasadS. Goudar⁶  ShivanandC. Mastiholi⁶ 

[1] Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;

[2] Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;

[3] Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa BP8502, Democratic Republic of the Congo;

[4] Maternal and Infant Health Center, INCAP (Institute of Nutrition for Central America and Panama), Guatemala City 01011, Guatemala;

[5] RTI International, Durham, NC 27709, USA;

[6] Women’s and Children’s Health Research Unit, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research’s Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India;

关键词: dietary assessment;    nutrition;    pregnant women;    low middle income countries;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu11071560

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Up-to-date dietary data are required to understand the diverse nutritional challenges of pregnant women living in low-middle income countries (LMIC). To that end, dietary data were collected from 1st trimester pregnant women in rural areas of Guatemala, India, Pakistan, and Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) participating in a maternal lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) Randomized Controlled Trial to examine dietary diversity (DD), usual group energy and nutrient intakes, and prevalence of inadequate dietary intakes. Methods: Two 24-h dietary recalls were conducted in ~240 pregnant women/site (total n = 966) prior to 12-week gestation. Adequate DD was assessed, i.e., ≥5 major food groups consumed within the past 24 h. Median, Q1, Q3 intakes (without LNS) of energy, macronutrients, 12 micronutrients, and phytate were examined. The “at risk” prevalence of inadequate intakes were based on international guidelines for pregnant women. Results: Dietary patterns varied widely among sites, with adequate DD reported: 20% (Pakistan), 25% (DRC), 50% (Guatemala), and 70% (India). Significantly higher intakes of most key nutrients were observed in participants with adequate DD. More than 80% of women in all sites had inadequate intakes of folate, vitamin B12, and choline, and >80% of women in India and DRC also had inadequate intakes of calcium, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B6. Conclusions: Our data highlight the likely need for micronutrient supplementation in pregnancy, specifically multi-micronutrient interventions, and support the value of increasing DD as part of sustainable long-term nutrition programs for women of reproductive age in these poor rural settings in LMIC.

【 授权许可】

Unknown