The Fortress Beneath: Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging of the Citadel at Alcatraz: 1. A Guide for Interpretation

Heritage

卷:4

Robert R. Warden¹  Timothy S. DeSmet²  Mark E. Everett³  Henry A. Ruiz-Guzman⁴  Jason Hagin⁵  Peter Gavette⁵ 

[1] Department of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA;

[2] Department of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA;

[3] Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA;

[4] Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA;

[5] Golden Gate National Recreation Area, National Park Service, San Francisco, CA 94123, USA;

关键词: ground-penetrating radar;    non-destructive evaluation;    subsurface imaging;   

DOI  :  10.3390/heritage4030072

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Ground-penetrating radar has emerged as a prominent non-destructive evaluation tool for the study of inaccessible subsurface elements of cultural heritage structures. Often of central interest is the desire to image the remains of a pre-existing historic structure that is located directly beneath a more recently built one. The interpretation of GPR images in such cases is usually difficult due to ambiguities caused by the presence of pervasive clutter, environmental noise, and overlapping target signatures. Sites with abundant ground truth allow for more confident interpretations and serve as a useful testbed to assist similar studies at other places, where little or no ground truth is available. This study reports GPR interpretations of structures belonging to the 19th century Citadel beneath the main prison cellhouse at Alcatraz. At this site, lidar scans, direct observations, and historical documents are available to facilitate identification of radar target signatures. A general interpretation of the acquired radargrams is made in this paper, while the companion paper presents more advanced analysis of target signatures based on curvelet image processing. This study points to the development of a radar facies classification scheme that is specific to cultural heritage investigations.

【 授权许可】

Unknown