Reduction of Cold-Start Emissions for a Micro Combined Heat and Power Plant

Energies

卷:13

Konstantinos Boulouchos¹  Christian Schürch¹  Christopher Onder²  Tammo Zobel² 

[1] Aerothermochemistry and Combustion Systems Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;

[2] Institute for Dynamic Systems & Control, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;

关键词: micro combined heat and power;    cold-start emissions;    natural gas;    internal combustion engine;    spark advance;    air/fuel ratio;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en13081862

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Decentralized power generation by combined heat and power plants becomes increasingly popular as a measure to advance the energy transition. In this context, a substantial advantage of small combined heat and power plants is based on the relatively low pollutant emissions. However, a large proportion of the pollutant emissions is produced during a cold-start. This fact is not reflected in governmental and institutional emission guidelines, as these strongly focus on the emission levels under steady-state conditions. This study analyzes the spark advance, the reference air/fuel ratio and an electrically heated catalyst in terms of their potential to reduce the cold-start emissions of a micro combined heat and power plant which uses a natural gas fueled reciprocating internal combustion engine as prime mover and a three-way catalytic converter as aftertreatment system. Based on these measures, control approaches were developed that account for the specific operating conditions of the class of small combined heat and power plants, e.g., full-load operation and flexible, demand-driven runtimes. The experimental data demonstrates that even solutions with marginal adaptation/integration effort can reduce cold-start emissions to a great extent.

【 授权许可】

Unknown