PD-1 and beyond to Activate T Cells in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Cancers: The Case for 4-1BB and VISTA Antibodies in Combination Therapy

Cancers

卷:13

Quentin Wright¹  Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz¹  Graham R. Leggatt¹  James W. Wells¹ 

[1] The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;

关键词: skin cancer;    squamous cell carcinoma;    VISTA;    PD-1;    4-1BB;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers13133310

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) have a higher incidence than all other cancers combined with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), capable of metastasis, representing approximately 20% of NMSCs. Given the accessibility of the skin, surgery is frequently employed to treat localized disease, although certain localities, the delineation of clear margins, frequency and recurrence of tumors can make these cancers inoperable in a subset of patients. Other treatment modalities, including cryotherapy, are commonly used for individual lesions, with varying success. Immunotherapy, particularly with checkpoint antibodies, is increasingly a promising therapeutic approach in many cancers, offering the potential advantage of immune memory for protection against lesion recurrence. This review addresses a role for PD-1, 4-1BB and VISTA checkpoint antibodies as monotherapies, or in combination as a therapeutic treatment for both early and late-stage cSCC.

【 授权许可】

Unknown