Measuring the cognitive cost of downward monotonicity by controlling for negative polarity

Glossa

卷:4

Yonatan Loewenstein¹  Galit Agmon²  Yosef Grodzinsky² 

[1] Currently: Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan;

[2] The Edmond and Lily Safra center for brain Sciences, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem;

关键词: negative polarity;    downward monotonicty;    quantifiers;    gradable adjectives;    language processing;    verification;   

DOI  :  10.5334/gjgl.770

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Our goal in this study was to behaviorally characterize the property (or properties) that render negative quantifiers more complex in processing compared to their positive counterparts (e.g. the pair 'few/many'). We examined two sources: (i) negative polarity; (ii) entailment reversal (aka downward monotonicity). While negative polarity can be found in other pairs in language such as dimensional adjectives (e.g. the pair 'small/large'), only in quantifiers does negative polarity also reverse the entailment pattern of the sentence. By comparing the processing traits of negative quantifiers with those of non-monotone expressions that contain negative adjectives, using a verification task and measuring reaction times, we found that negative polarity is cognitively costly, but in downward monotone quantifiers it is even more so. We therefore conclude that both negative polarity and downward monotonicity contribute to the processing complexity of negative quantifiers.

【 授权许可】

Unknown