Risk factors for the incursion, spread and persistence of the foot and mouth disease virus in Eastern Rwanda

BMC Veterinary Research

卷:16

Jean Claude Udahemuka¹  Gabriel Oluga Aboge¹  George Ogello Obiero¹  Joshua Orungo Onono²  Massimo Paone³  Phiyani Justice Lebea⁴ 

[1] Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Nairobi;

[2] Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi;

[3] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations;

[4] TokaBio (Pty), Ltd;

关键词: Foot-and-mouth disease;    Risk factors;    Maps;    Geospatial;    QGIS;    Eastern Rwanda;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12917-020-02610-1

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Identification of risk factors is crucial in Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control especially in endemic countries. In Rwanda, almost all outbreaks of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) have started in Eastern Rwanda. Identifying the risk factors in this area will support government control efforts. This study was carried out to identify and map different risk factors for the incursion, spread and persistence of FMDV in Eastern Rwanda. Questionnaires were administered during farm visits to establish risk factors for FMD outbreaks. Descriptive statistical measures were determined and odds ratios were calculated to determine the effects of risk factors on the occurrence of FMD. Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) was used to produce thematic maps on the proportion of putative risk factors for FMD per village. Results Based on farmers’ perceptions, 85.31% (with p < 0.01) experienced more outbreaks during the major dry season, a finding consistent with other reports in other parts of the world. Univariate analysis revealed that mixed farming (OR = 1.501, p = 0.163, CI = 95%), and natural breeding method (OR = 1.626; p = 0.21, CI = 95%) were associated with the occurrence of FMD indicating that the two risk factors could be responsible for FMD outbreaks in the farms. The occurrence of FMD in the farms was found to be significantly associated with lack of vaccination of calves younger than 12 months in herds (OR = 0.707; p = 0.046, CI = 95%). Conclusions This is the first study to describe risk factors for persistence of FMDV in livestock systems in Rwanda. However, further studies are required to understand the role of transboundary animal movements and genotypic profiles of circulating FMDV in farming systems in Rwanda.

【 授权许可】

Unknown