Cognitive Impairment Induced by Lead Exposure during Lifespan: Mechanisms of Lead Neurotoxicity

Toxics

卷:9

Jaime Marcial Quino¹  Paul Carrillo Mora²  Saul Gómez Manzo³  Verónica Pérez de la Cruz⁴  Daniela Ramírez Ortega⁴  Tonali Blanco Ayala⁴  DinoraF. González Esquivel⁴  Benjamín Pineda⁵ 

[1] CONACYT—Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;

[2] División de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, S.S.A., México D.F. 14389, Mexico;

[3] Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, México City 04530, Mexico;

[4] Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, S.S.A., México D.F. 14269, Mexico;

[5] Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, S.S.A., México D.F. 14269, Mexico;

关键词: heavy metals;    lead;    cognition;    neurotoxicity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/toxics9020023

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Lead (Pb) is considered a strong environmental toxin with human health repercussions. Due to its widespread use and the number of people potentially exposed to different sources of this heavy metal, Pb intoxication is recognized as a public health problem in many countries. Exposure to Pb can occur through ingestion, inhalation, dermal, and transplacental routes. The magnitude of its effects depends on several toxicity conditions: lead speciation, doses, time, and age of exposure, among others. It has been demonstrated that Pb exposure induces stronger effects during early life. The central nervous system is especially vulnerable to Pb toxicity; Pb exposure is linked to cognitive impairment, executive function alterations, abnormal social behavior, and fine motor control perturbations. This review aims to provide a general view of the cognitive consequences associated with Pb exposure during early life as well as during adulthood. Additionally, it describes the neurotoxic mechanisms associated with cognitive impairment induced by Pb, which include neurochemical, molecular, and morphological changes that jointly could have a synergic effect on the cognitive performance.

【 授权许可】

Unknown