The Warburg Effect 97 Years after Its Discovery

Cancers

卷:12

ClaudioFrancesco Feo¹  DiegoFrancesco Calvisi²  MariaMaddalena Simile²  Francesco Feo²  RosaMaria Pascale² 

[1] Department of Clinical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;

[2] Department of Medical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;

关键词: Warburg effect;    oxidative metabolism;    glycolysis;    oncogenes;    tumor therapy;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers12102819

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The deregulation of the oxidative metabolism in cancer, as shown by the increased aerobic glycolysis and impaired oxidative phosphorylation (Warburg effect), is coordinated by genetic changes leading to the activation of oncogenes and the loss of oncosuppressor genes. The understanding of the metabolic deregulation of cancer cells is necessary to prevent and cure cancer. In this review, we illustrate and comment the principal metabolic and molecular variations of cancer cells, involved in their anomalous behavior, that include modifications of oxidative metabolism, the activation of oncogenes that promote glycolysis and a decrease of oxygen consumption in cancer cells, the genetic susceptibility to cancer, the molecular correlations involved in the metabolic deregulation in cancer, the defective cancer mitochondria, the relationships between the Warburg effect and tumor therapy, and recent studies that reevaluate the Warburg effect. Taken together, these observations indicate that the Warburg effect is an epiphenomenon of the transformation process essential for the development of malignancy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown