Non-imported malaria in non-endemic countries: a review of cases in Spain

Malaria Journal

卷:16

Emilia Velasco¹  Rosa Cano¹  Diana Gomez-Barroso¹  Oliva Diaz¹  Carmen Varela¹ 

[1] National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health;

关键词: Malaria;    Transmission mechanisms;    Non-endemic areas;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-017-1915-8

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Spain declared the elimination of malaria in 1964. In non-endemic areas, the overwhelming majority of malaria cases are acquired abroad, and locally acquired infections are rare events. In Spain, malaria is a statutorily notifiable disease. During these fifty years more than ten thousand malaria cases have been reported, and about 0.8% of them did not have a history of recent travel. In this report, it was carried out a review of the ways in which malaria can be transmitted in non-endemic areas and a short description of the Spanish cases, aggregated by their transmission mechanisms. Four cases contracted malaria by mosquito bites; there were two autochthonous cases and two of “airport malaria”. The other 28 cases were: congenital malaria cases, transfusion-transmitted malaria, post-transplant cases, nosocomial transmission and cases in intravenous drug users. In addition, in 1971 there was an outbreak of 54 cases due to exposure to blood or blood products. So, while malaria usually is an imported disease in non-endemic areas, it should not be excluded in the differential diagnosis of persons who have fever of unknown origin, regardless of their travel history.

【 授权许可】

Unknown