Improving the Convergence Period of Adaptive Data Rate in a Long Range Wide Area Network for the Internet of Things Devices

Energies

卷:14

Asim Zeb¹  Inayat Khan²  Yousaf Saeed³  Khola Anwar⁴  Taj Rahman⁴  Shafiq Ahmad⁵  Abdelaty Edrees Abdelgawad⁶  Muhammad Adnan Khan⁷  Mali Abdollahian⁸ 

[1] Department of Computer Science, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad 22500, Pakistan;

[2] Department of Computer Science, University of Buner, Buner 19290, Pakistan;

[3] Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;

[4] Department of Physical & Numerical Science, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;

[5] Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;

[6] Industrial Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;

[7] Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13557, Korea;

[8] School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;

关键词: adaptive data rate;    convergence time;    energy consumption;    Internet of Things;    interference;    LoRaWAN;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en14185614

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the most efficient technologies and is widely adopted for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The IoT consists of massive End Devices (EDs) deployed over large geographical areas, forming a large environment. LoRaWAN uses an Adaptive Data Rate (ADR), targeting static EDs. However, the ADR is affected when the channel conditions between ED and Gateway (GW) are unstable due to shadowing, fading, and mobility. Such a condition causes massive packet loss, which increases the convergence time of the ADR. Therefore, we address the convergence time issue and propose a novel ADR at the network side to lower packet losses. The proposed ADR is evaluated through extensive simulation. The results show an enhanced convergence time compared to the state-of-the-art ADR method by reducing the packet losses and retransmission under dynamic mobile LoRaWAN network.

【 授权许可】

Unknown