Optimisation of Bee Pollen Extraction to Maximise Extractable Antioxidant Constituents

Antioxidants

卷:10

Cornelia Locher¹  Ivan Lozada Lawag¹  Katherine Hammer¹  Okhee Yoo²  Lee Yong Lim² 

[1] Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), University of Western Australia, Agriculture North M085, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;

[2] Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Curnow Building M315, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;

关键词: bee pollen;    Jarrah;    Marri;    extraction;    2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH);    ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP);   

DOI  :  10.3390/antiox10071113

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive review on common bee pollen processing methods which can impact extraction efficiency and lead to differences in measured total phenolic content (TPC) and radical scavenging activity based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) data. This hampers the comparative analysis of bee pollen from different floral sources and geographical locations. Based on the review, an in-depth investigation was carried out to identify the most efficient process to maximise the extraction of components for measurement of TPC, DPPH and FRAP antioxidant activity for two bee pollen samples from western Australia (Jarrah and Marri pollen). Optimisation by Design of Experiment with Multilevel Factorial Analysis (Categorical) modelling was performed. The independent variables included pollen pulverisation, the extraction solvent (70% aqueous ethanol, ethanol, methanol and water) and the extraction process (agitation, maceration, reflux and sonication). The data demonstrate that non-pulverised bee pollen extracted with 70% aqueous ethanol using the agitation extraction method constitute the optimal conditions to maximise the extraction of phenolics and antioxidant principles in these bee pollen samples.

【 授权许可】

Unknown