Using Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCS) to Examine Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Crash Injury and Enforcement in New York State

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

卷:16

LeahM. Hines¹  MatthewF. Garnett¹  MichaelJ. Bauer¹  Bin Cheng²  ShinAh Oh³  Chang Liu³  JoshuaR. Kuhl³  JoyceC. Pressley⁴ 

[1] Bureau of Occupational Health and Injury Prevention, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA;

[2] Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;

[3] Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;

[4] Departments of Epidemiology and Health Policy and Management and Center for Injury Epidemiology and Prevention at Columbia, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;

关键词: rural health;    motor vehicle crash;    injury;    alcohol;    traffic citations and enforcement;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph16081346

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Rural areas of New York State (NYS) have higher rates of alcohol-related motor vehicle (MV) crash injury than metropolitan areas. While alcohol-related injury has declined across the three geographic regions of NYS, disparities persist with rural areas having smaller declines. Our study aim was to examine factors associated with alcohol-related MV crashes in Upstate and Long Island using multi-sourced county-level data that included the Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) with emergency department visits and hospitalizations, traffic citations, demographic, economic, transportation, alcohol outlets, and Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCS). A cross-sectional study design employed zero-truncated negative binominal regression models to assess relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Counties (n = 57, 56,000 alcohol-related crashes over the 3 year study timeframe) were categorized by mean annual alcohol-related MV injuries per 100,000 population: low (24.7 ± 3.9), medium (33.9 ± 1.7) and high (46.1 ± 8.0) (p < 0.0001). In multivariable analyses, alcohol-related MV injury was elevated for non-adjacent, non-metropolitan counties (RR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6–3.9) with higher citations for impaired driving showing a small, but significant protective effect. Less metropolitan areas had higher alcohol-related MV injury with inconsistent alcohol-related enforcement measures. In summary, higher alcohol-related MV injury rates in non-metropolitan counties demonstrated a dose–response relationship with proximity to a metropolitan area. These findings suggest areas where intervention efforts might be targeted to lower alcohol-related MV injury.

【 授权许可】

Unknown