Transdiagnostic Perspective of Impulsivity and Compulsivity in Obesity: From Cognitive Profile to Self-Reported Dimensions in Clinical Samples with and without Diabetes

Nutrients

卷:13

Stephanie Vos¹  Rosa Baños²  Gema Frühbeck²  Montserrat Fitó²  Roser Granero²  José-Manuel Fernández-Real²  Jordi Salas-Salvadó²  Cristina Botella²  Xavier Pintó²  Lluis Serra-Majem²  Carlos Gómez-Martínez²  Rafael de la Torre²  Mònica Bulló²  Francisco J. Tinahones²  Felipe F. Casanueva²  Valerie Bertaina-Anglade³  Geert Poelmans⁴  Susana Jiménez-Murcia⁵  Lucía Camacho-Barcia⁵  Bernat Mora-Maltas⁵  Ignacio Lucas⁵  Giulia Testa⁵  Zaida Agüera⁵  Fernando Fernández-Aranda⁵  Barbara Franke⁶  Theresa Wimberley⁷  Søren Dalsgaard⁸ 

[1] Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands;

[2] Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;

[3] Core Lab Department, Biotrial Neurosciences, 35000 Rennes, France;

[4] Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

[5] Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;

[6] Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

[7] National Centre for Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark;

[8] National Centre for Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University and iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (Copenhagen-Aarhus), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark;

关键词: impulsivity;    compulsivity;    decision making;    cognitive flexibility;    type 2 diabetes;    novelty seeking;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13124426

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Impulsive and compulsive behaviors have both been observed in individuals with obesity. The co-occurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more strongly associated with impulsivity, although there are no conclusive results yet. A multidimensional assessment of impulsivity and compulsivity was conducted in individuals with obesity in the absence or presence of T2D, compared with healthy, normal-weight individuals, with highly impulsive patients (gambling disorders), and with highly compulsive patients (anorexia nervosa). Decision making and novelty seeking were used to measure impulsivity, and cognitive flexibility and harm avoidance were used for compulsivity. For impulsivity, patients with obesity and T2D showed poorer decision-making ability compared with healthy individuals. For compulsivity, individuals with only obesity presented less cognitive flexibility and high harm avoidance; these dimensions were not associated with obesity with T2D. This study contributes to the knowledge of the mechanisms associated with diabetes and its association with impulsive–compulsive behaviors, confirming the hypothesis that patients with obesity and T2D would be characterized by higher levels of impulsivity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown