Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); a new frontier

Cancer Cell International

Burhan Abdullah Zaman¹  Majid Zamani²  Somayeh Vafaei³  Angelina O. Zekiy⁴  Ramadhan Ado Khanamir⁵  Hannaneh Azimizonuzi⁶  Arman Ghayourvahdat⁷ 

[1] Basic Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq;Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran;Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia;Internal Medicine and Surgery Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq;Medicine Faculty, Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey;Medicine Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey;

关键词: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs);    Tumor microenvironment (TME);    Resistance;    Combination therapy;    Immune cells;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12935-021-02407-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has become a promising therapeutic strategy with encouraging therapeutic outcomes due to their durable anti-tumor effects. Though, tumor inherent or acquired resistance to ICIs accompanied with treatment-related toxicities hamper their clinical utility. Overall, about 60–70% of patients (e.g., melanoma and lung cancer) who received ICIs show no objective response to intervention. The resistance to ICIs mainly caused by alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which in turn, supports angiogenesis and also blocks immune cell antitumor activities, facilitating tumor cells' evasion from host immunosurveillance. Thereby, it has been supposed and also validated that combination therapy with ICIs and other therapeutic means, ranging from chemoradiotherapy to targeted therapies as well as cancer vaccines, can capably compromise tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blocked therapy. Herein, we have focused on the therapeutic benefits of ICIs as a groundbreaking approach in the context of tumor immunotherapy and also deliver an overview concerning the therapeutic influences of the addition of ICIs to other modalities to circumvent tumor resistance to ICIs.

【 授权许可】

CC BY