Effects of treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors on arginine-related cardiovascular and renal biomarkers

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Dennis Kannenkeril¹  Agnes Bosch¹  Roland E. Schmieder¹  Renke Maas²  Arne Gessner²  Martin F. Fromm²  Anna Gemeinhardt²  Andreas Mayr³  Christian Staerk³ 

[1] Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany;Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany;Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;

关键词: SGLT-2 inhibitor;    Empagliflozin;    Dapagliflozin;    Type 2 diabetes mellitus;    Homoarginine;    ADMA;    SDMA;    Cardiovascular disease;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12933-021-01436-x

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIn patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors improve glycaemic control as well as cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Their effects on l-arginine (Arg) related risk markers asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA and SDMA) and the protective biomarker L-homoarginine (hArg) linking T2D to cardiovascular and renal disease have not yet been reported.MethodsPlasma and 24-h urine samples taken before and after 6 weeks of treatment were available from two prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trials with empagliflozin (71 patients analyzed, NCT02471963) and dapagliflozin (59 patients analyzed, NCT02383238). In these samples, concentrations of hArg, Arg, ADMA, SDMA, and creatinine were determined by liquid-chromatography coupled to tandem mass-spectrometry. Additionally, intraindividual changes of the biomarkers in plasma were correlated with intraindividual changes of clinical parameters.ResultsTreatment with empagliflozin and dapagliflozin was associated with a reduction of plasma hArg by 17.5% and 13.7% (both p < 0.001), respectively, and increase in plasma SDMA concentration of 6.7% and 3.6%, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05), while plasma Arg and ADMA concentrations were not significantly altered. 24-h urinary excretion of ADMA was reduced by 15.2% after treatment with empagliflozin (p < 0.001) but not after dapagliflozin treatment, while excretion of the other markers was not significantly altered. Renal clearance of SDMA was reduced by 9.1% and 3.9% for both drugs (both p < 0.05). A reduction in ADMA clearance was observable after empagliflozin treatment only (− 15.5%, p < 0.001), but not after dapagliflozin. Renal clearance of hArg and Arg was not significantly altered. Treatment effects on l-arginine related biomarkers were not constantly correlated with effects on glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure.ConclusionsTreatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors has divergent effects on Arg-related biomarkers and could affect risk estimates associated with these markers. The observed effects are unlikely to explain the known cardiovascular and renal benefits of treatment with empagliflozin or dapagliflozin but still may indicate new therapeutic approaches in patients treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors.Trial registrationhttp://www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02471963 (registered 15th June 2015, retrospectively registered) and NCT02383238.

【 授权许可】

CC BY