Machine learning and deep learning predictive models for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

José A. García-García¹  Luis Fregoso-Aparicio²  Luis Montesinos³  Julieta Noguez³ 

[1] Hospital General de Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Dr. Balmis 148, Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico;School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juarez, 52926, Cd Lopez Mateos, Mexico;School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico;

关键词: Diabetes;    Machine learning;    Deep learning;    Review;    Electronic health records;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13098-021-00767-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Diabetes Mellitus is a severe, chronic disease that occurs when blood glucose levels rise above certain limits. Over the last years, machine and deep learning techniques have been used to predict diabetes and its complications. However, researchers and developers still face two main challenges when building type 2 diabetes predictive models. First, there is considerable heterogeneity in previous studies regarding techniques used, making it challenging to identify the optimal one. Second, there is a lack of transparency about the features used in the models, which reduces their interpretability. This systematic review aimed at providing answers to the above challenges. The review followed the PRISMA methodology primarily, enriched with the one proposed by Keele and Durham Universities. Ninety studies were included, and the type of model, complementary techniques, dataset, and performance parameters reported were extracted. Eighteen different types of models were compared, with tree-based algorithms showing top performances. Deep Neural Networks proved suboptimal, despite their ability to deal with big and dirty data. Balancing data and feature selection techniques proved helpful to increase the model’s efficiency. Models trained on tidy datasets achieved almost perfect models.

【 授权许可】

CC BY