Do skeletal muscle composition and gene expression as well as acute exercise-induced serum adaptations in older adults depend on fitness status?

BMC Geriatrics

Michael Denkinger¹  Dhayana Dallmeier²  Martina Zügel³  Jürgen M. Steinacker³  Uwe Schumann³  Daniel A. Bizjak³  Mark A. Tully⁴ 

[1] Agaplesion Bethesda Hospital, Geriatric Medicine Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany;Department of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;Agaplesion Bethesda Hospital, Geriatric Medicine Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany;Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA;Division of Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075, Ulm, Germany;Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK;

关键词: Physical fitness;    Sedentary behavior;    Health services for older individuals;    Skeletal muscle;    Molecular adaptations;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12877-021-02666-0

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundInactive physical behavior among the elderly is one risk factor for cardiovascular disease, immobility and increased all-cause mortality. We aimed to answer the question whether or not circulating and skeletal muscle biomarkers are differentially expressed depending on fitness status in a group of elderly individuals.MethodsTwenty-eight elderly individuals (73.36 ± 5.46 years) participated in this exploratory study after participating as part of the multinational SITLESS-clinical trial (implementation of self-management and exercise programs over 16 weeks). A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) and resting skeletal muscle biopsy were performed to determine individual physiological performance capacity. Participants were categorized into a high physical fitness group (HPF) and a low physical fitness group (LPF) depending on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Serum blood samples were taken before (pre) and after (post) CPX and were examined regarding serum BDNF, HSP70, Kynurenine, Irisin and Il-6 concentrations. Skeletal muscle tissue was analyzed by silver staining to determine the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition and selected genes by qRT-PCR.ResultsHPF showed lower body weight and body fat, while skeletal muscle mass and oxygen uptake at the first ventilatory threshold (VO2T1) did not differ between groups. There were positive associations between VO2peak and VO2VT1 in HPF and LPF. MyHC isoform quantification revealed no differences between groups. qRT-PCR showed higher expression of BDNF and BRCA1 in LPF skeletal muscle while there were no differences in other examined genes regarding energy metabolism. Basal serum concentrations of Irisin were higher in HPF compared to LPF with a trend towards higher values in BDNF and HSP70 in HPF. Increases in Il-6 in both groups were observed post.ConclusionsAlthough no association between muscle composition/VO2peak with fitness status in older people was detected, higher basal Irisin serum levels in HPF revealed slightly beneficial molecular serum and muscle adaptations.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02629666. Registered 19 November 2015.

【 授权许可】

CC BY