Risk factors of stunting and wasting in Somali pre-school age children: results from the 2019 Somalia micronutrient survey

BMC Public Health

Sundus Ibrahim Ali¹  Shuaib Mohamoud Hussein¹  Yvonne Katambo¹  Joshua Mbai¹  Farhan Mohamed Mohamud²  Abdullahi Muse Mohamoud²  Kheyriya Mohamed Mohamud²  Warsame Said Mohamed³  Ahmed Muse⁴  William E. S. Donkor⁵  Rita Wegmüller⁵  Fabian Rohner⁵  Bradley A. Woodruff⁵  NicolaiPetry⁵  James P. Wirth⁵  Melanie Galvin⁶  Fatmata Sesay⁶ 

[1] Brandpro Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya;Department of Nutrition, Federal Ministry of Health, Mogadishu, Somalia;Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Garowe, Puntland;Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Hargeisa, Somaliland;GroundWork, Hintergasse 1, 7306, Fläsch, Switzerland;UNICEF, Mogadishu, Somalia;

关键词: Stunting;    Wasting;    Micronutrients;    iron;    Children;    Somalia;    Risk factors;    Malnutrition;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-021-12439-4

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundStunting and wasting in children less than 5 years of age are two key indicators of child malnutrition. Reducing their prevalence is a priority of the global public health community and for Somalia, a country suffering complex humanitarian emergencies such as drought, flooding, conflict and large-scale displacements.MethodsData from the nationally representative cross-sectional Somalia Micronutrient Survey (SMS 2019) on 1947 children were analyzed to assess the prevalence and potential risk factors of stunting and wasting. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted separately for children 0–5 months and 6–59 months, and population attributable fractions were calculated using adjusted risk ratios produced by Poisson regression models.ResultsAmong the 1947 children, the prevalence of stunting and wasting were 17.2% (95% CI: 15.0, 19.6) and 11.0% (95% CI: 9.3, 12.9), respectively. Among children 6–59 months of age, those residing in severely food insecure households had a higher risk of stunting (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.47; CI: 1.12, 1.93) compared to those in food secure households. This risk of stunting was also higher in children with inflammation (aRR 1.75; CI: 1.35, 2.25) and iron deficiency (ID) (aRR 2.09; CI: 1.58, 2.80). For wasting, a dose-response relationship was found with household wealth, with the risk of wasting increasing significantly as the household wealth quintile decreased. On the other hand, the risk of wasting was lower in iron-deficient children (aRR 0.69; CI: 0.49, 0.98) than in iron-replete children. Among children 0–5 months of age no variables remained statistically significantly associated with stunting in the multivariable analysis. Wasting, however, was more common in children with recent diarrhea (aRR 3.51; CI: 1.68, 7.36).ConclusionsNutritional status of children in Somalia may be improved by prevention of diarrhea and other infections and improvements in household food security.

【 授权许可】

CC BY