The East Asian gut microbiome is distinct from colocalized White subjects and connected to metabolic health

eLife

Jingwei Cai¹  Andrew D Patterson¹  Vaibhav Upadhyay²  Qi Yan Ang²  Jordan E Bisanz²  Cecilia Noecker²  Peter J Turnbaugh²  Grace Wei³  Eliseo Barajas³  Ho Lim Lee³  Diana L Alba⁴  Suneil K Koliwad⁴ 

[1] Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, College Park, United States;Department of Microbiology and Immunology, G.W. Hooper Research Foundation, San Francisco, United States;Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States;Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States;Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States;

关键词: human gut microbiome;    ethnicity;    multi-omics;    metabolic syndrome;    obesity;    biogeography;    Human;    Mouse;   

DOI  :  10.7554/eLife.70349

来源: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

【 摘 要 】

East Asians (EAs) experience worse metabolic health outcomes compared to other ethnic groups at lower body mass indices; however, the potential role of the gut microbiota in contributing to these health disparities remains unknown. We conducted a multi-omic study of 46 lean and obese East Asian and White participants living in the San Francisco Bay Area, revealing marked differences between ethnic groups in bacterial richness and community structure. White individuals were enriched for the mucin-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila. East Asian subjects had increased levels of multiple bacterial phyla, fermentative pathways detected by metagenomics, and the short-chain fatty acid end-products acetate, propionate, and isobutyrate. Differences in the gut microbiota between the East Asian and White subjects could not be explained by dietary intake, were more pronounced in lean individuals, and were associated with current geographical location. Microbiome transplantations into germ-free mice demonstrated stable diet- and host genotype-independent differences between the gut microbiotas of East Asian and White individuals that differentially impact host body composition. Taken together, our findings add to the growing body of literature describing microbiome variations between ethnicities and provide a starting point for defining the mechanisms through which the microbiome may shape disparate health outcomes in East Asians.

【 授权许可】

CC BY