Burden of anemia and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Jessica A. Grieger¹  Nicola Luigi Bragazzi²  Gary S. Collins³  Jay S. Kaufman⁴  Mark J. M. Sullman⁵  Nahid Karamzad⁶  Saeid Safiri⁷  Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi⁸  Morteza Abdollahi⁹  Ali-Asghar Kolahi⁹  Maryam Noori^1,10 

[1] Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia;Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia;Centre for Disease Modelling, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada;Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK;Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus;Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus;Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran;Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

关键词: Anemia;    Epidemiology;    Global burden of disease;    Prevalence;    Years lived with disability;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13045-021-01202-2

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundAnemia is a common disease which affects around 40% of children and 30% of reproductive age women and can have major health consequences. The present study reports the global, regional and national burden of anemia and its underlying causes between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI).MethodsPublicly available data on the point prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) were retrieved from the global burden of disease (GBD) 2019 study for 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019. The point prevalence, YLD counts and rates per 100,000 population were presented, along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals.ResultsIn 2019, the global age-standardized point prevalence and YLD rates for anemia were 23,176.2 (22,943.5–23,418.6) and 672.4 (447.2–981.5) per 100,000 population, respectively. Moreover, the global age-standardized point prevalence and YLD rate decreased by 13.4% (12.1–14.5%) and 18.8% (16.9–20.8%), respectively, over the period 1990–2019. The highest national point prevalences of anemia were found in Zambia [49327.1 (95% UI: 46,838.5–51,700.1)], Mali [46890.1 (95% UI: 44,301.1–49,389.8)], and Burkina Faso [46117.2 (95% UI: 43,640.7–48,319.2)]. In 2019, the global point prevalence of anemia was highest in the 15–19 and 95+ age groups in females and males, respectively. Also, the burden of anemia was lower in regions with higher socio-economic development. Globally, most of the prevalent cases were attributable to dietary iron deficiency, as well as hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias.ConclusionsAnemia remains a major health problem, especially among females in less developed countries. The implementation of preventive programs with a focus on improving access to iron supplements, early diagnosis and the treatment of hemoglobinopathies should be taken into consideration.

【 授权许可】

CC BY