Mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity of CAR T-cell therapy and associated prevention and management strategies

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Yuhua Li¹  Xinjie Xu²  Qihang Sun³  Shengkang Huang⁴  Sifei Chen⁴  Xinyi Xiao⁴  Yazhuo Wang⁵ 

[1] Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China;Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China;State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100037, Beijing, People’s Republic of China;State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510623, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China;The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China;The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China;Medical College of Rehabilitation, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China;

关键词: CAR T-cell;    Cytokine release syndrome (CRS);    Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS);    Neurotoxicity;    Mechanisms;    Management;    Strategies;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13046-021-02148-6

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has yielded impressive outcomes and transformed treatment algorithms for hematological malignancies. To date, five CAR T-cell products have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Nevertheless, some significant toxicities pose great challenges to the development of CAR T-cell therapy, most notably cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Understanding the mechanisms underlying these toxicities and establishing prevention and treatment strategies are important. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying CRS and ICANS and provide potential treatment and prevention strategies.

【 授权许可】

CC BY