Spread and scale of an electronic deprescribing software to improve health outcomes of older adults living in nursing homes: study protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial

Trials

Marc-Eric Nadeau¹  Justine L. Henry¹  Todd C. Lee²  Emily G. McDonald³  Émilie Bortolussi-Courval⁴  Carole Goodine⁵ 

[1] Centre for Innovation and Research in Aging, Fredericton, NB, Canada;Clinical Practice Assessment Unit, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada;Clinical Practice Assessment Unit, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada;Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, 5252 De Maisonneuve Office 3E.03, Montréal, QC, Canada;Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada;Horizon Health Network, Fredericton, NB, Canada;Faculty of Health Professions, College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada;

关键词: Polypharmacy;    Deprescribing;    Older adults;    Long-term care;    Medication use;    Medication review;    Adverse drug event;    Nursing home;    Prescription check-up;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13063-021-05729-0

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMedication overload or problematic polypharmacy is a major problem causing widespread harm, particularly to older adults. Taking multiple medications increases the risk of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), and residents in long-term care (LTC) are frequently prescribed 10 or more medications at once. One strategy to address this problem is for the physician and/or pharmacist to perform regular medication reviews; however, this process can be complicated and time-consuming. With a prescription review, medications may be decreased, changed, or stopped altogether. MedReviewRx is a software that runs an analysis using deprescribing rules to produce a report to guide medication reviews addressing medication overload for residents in LTC.MethodsThis study will employ a mixed methods effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 2 study design. To measure effectiveness, a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial design is planned, which allows us to approximate a randomized clinical trial. Approximately 1000 residents living in LTC will be recruited from five facilities in New Brunswick. The study will begin with 3 months of baseline data on rates of deprescribing. Thereafter, every 3 months a new cluster will enter the intervention mode. The intervention consists of medication reviews augmented with the MedReviewRx software, which will be used by staff and clinicians in the facilities. The estimated study duration is 18 months and the main outcome will be the proportion of patients with one or more PIMs deprescribed (reduced/stopped or changed to a safer alternative) in the 90 days following a prescription review. The goal is to study the impact of MedReviewRx on medication overload among older adults living in LTC. In typical fashion of a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial, each cluster acts as an internal control (before and after) as well as a control for the other clusters (external control). Qualitative data collected will include resident/caregiver attitudes towards deprescribing and semi-structured interviews with staff working in the long-term care homes.DiscussionThis study design addresses issues with seasonality and allows all clusters to participate in the intervention, which is an advantage when the intervention is related to quality improvement. This study will provide valuable information on PIM use, cost savings, and facilitators and challenges associated with medication reviews and deprescribing. This study represents an important step towards understanding and promoting tools to guide safe and rational reduction of PIM use among older adults.Trial registrationNCT04762303, Registered February 21, 2021.

【 授权许可】

CC BY