Emotional Reactivity and Emotion Regulation Among Young Adults During COVID-19 Lockdown: The Moderating Role of Gender and Engagement in Sports

Frontiers in Psychology

Marijana Mladenović¹  Gorana Tešanović²  Nikola Stojanović³  Mladen Živković³  Dragana Aleksić⁴  Vladimir Momčilović⁵  Darko Stojanović⁵ 

[1] College of Sports and Health, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia;Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština-Kosovska Mitrovica, Leposavić, Serbia;Pedagogical Faculty in Vranje, University of Niš, Vranje, Serbia;

关键词: emotion regulation;    emotional reactivity;    COVID-19;    lockdown;    gender differences;    physical activity;    sport;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyg.2021.774732

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have not been fully inspected among the young adults’ population. The objectives of the present study were: (1) to examine differences in emotional reactivity and emotion regulation between, both gender and sports engagement level during the first 2 weeks of the lockdown; and (2) to examine the possible impact of emotion regulation on emotional reactivity, and possible significant roles of gender and sports engagement level as moderators. This cross-sectional study included 315 Serbian young adults (aged 18–26 years old) during COVID-19 lockdown. Respondents answered socio-demographic questions and the Serbian version of the Multidimensional Emotion Questionnaire (MEQ). The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit for both positive and negative reactivity scales (SRMR = 0.037; CFI = 0.984, RMSEA = 0.046, and SRMR = 0.055; CFI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.064, respectively). Gender differences were found in both positive (p = 0.039; d = 0.28) and negative emotional reactivity scales (p < 0.001; d = 0.60), with females reported lower and higher values, respectively. Professional athletes presented higher scores in positive reactivity scale in comparison to non-athletes (p < 0.001; d = 0.78) and recreational athletes (p = 0.034; d = 0.34) during 2 weeks of COVID-19 lockdown. Conversely, professional athletes scored lower in negative emotional reactivity scale in comparison to non-athletes (p < 0.001; d = 0.85) and recreational athletes (p = 0.006; d = 0.42). Both gender and sports engagement level differences were found for negative, but not for positive emotion regulation scale. Furthermore, results showed that engagement in sports level plays a significant role as moderator in relationship between negative regulation and negative reactivity, where professional athletes presented significant interaction effect and predicted lower negative reactivity scores compared to non-athletes and recreational athletes. However, gender does not moderate the influence of emotion regulation on emotional reactivity either positive or negative. Engagement in sports as a lifestyle may contribute to better emotional harmony especially in the crisis situation as COVID-19 lockdown.

【 授权许可】

CC BY