An empirical investigation of socio-economic impacts of agglomeration economies in major cities of Punjab, Pakistan

Cogent Economics & Finance

Mehr-Un- Nisa¹  M. Riaz Akbar²  Sana Fayyaz³  Naghmana Ghafoor⁴ 

[1] Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakista;SNC Lavalin, Candu Energy Inc., Canad;The Superior University, Lahore, Pakista;The Superior University, Lahore, Pakista;Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakista;

关键词: Agglomeration economies;    urban agglomerations;    socioeconomic conditions;    pooled mean group (PMG);    mean group (MG);    principal component analysis (PCA);    O18;    I15;    I25;    P36;    R1;   

DOI  :  10.1080/23322039.2021.1975915

来源: Taylor & Francis

【 摘 要 】

Agglomeration economies are the external benefits earned from clustering of industries and people in cities. The study assumes unbridled clustering of population in emerging urban agglomerations turning economies into diseconomies. This study empirically investigates the heterogeneous socioeconomic impacts of agglomeration economies in selected cities of Punjab, Pakistan, from 1998 to 2018, using the Pooled Mean Group and the Mean Group techniques of Panel ARDL. Agglomeration economies are determined by population density, number of registered factories, employment size, and housing, in the cities of Punjab. The study designed four indices for socioeconomic conditions using principal component analysis. These include: education-index, healthcare-index, water & sanitation-index, and economic conditions-index. Research findings reveal pressures of high population density, unemployment, and costly housing on educational & healthcare facilities, poor sanitation & waste management, in cities of Punjab, Pakistan. The study suggests that policy makers and urban planners to develop short term and long term policies and development plans for villages and secondary cities to uplift wellbeing of the local population. Nonetheless, cities need to decentralize for sustainable development and management.

【 授权许可】

CC BY