A novel murine model of multi-day moderate ethanol exposure reveals increased intestinal dysfunction and liver inflammation with age

Immunity & Ageing

David J. Orlicky¹  Juliet E. Mullen²  Kevin M. Najarro²  Madison T. Paul²  Holly J. Hulsebus³  Rachel H. McMahan⁴  Elizabeth J. Kovacs⁵ 

[1] Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Ave, RC2, Mail Stop #8620, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Ave, RC2, Mail Stop #8620, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Ave, RC2, Mail Stop #8620, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Ave, RC2, Mail Stop #8620, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA;

关键词: Alcohol;    Aging;    Gut barrier;    Liver;    Antimicrobial peptide;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12979-021-00247-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThere are currently > 600 million people over the age of 65 globally and this number is expected to double by the year 2050. Alcohol use among this population is on the rise, which is concerning as aging is associated with increased risk for a number of chronic illnesses. As most studies investigating the effects of alcohol have focused on young/middle-aged populations, there is a dearth of information regarding the consequences of alcohol use in older consumers. In addition, most murine ethanol models have concentrated on exposure to very high levels of ethanol, while the vast majority of elderly drinkers do not consume alcohol in excess; instead, they drink on average 2 alcoholic beverages a day, 3–4 days a week.MethodsWe designed a murine model of aging and moderate ethanol consumption to determine if the deleterious effects of alcohol on the gut-liver axis are exacerbated in aged, relative to younger, animals. Aged and young mice were exposed to a multi-day moderate exposure ethanol regimen for 4 weeks and changes in gut permeability along with intestinal tight junction protein and antimicrobial peptide gene expression were measured. In addition, hepatic inflammation was assessed by histological analysis, inflammatory gene expression and flow cytometric analysis of inflammatory infiltrate.ResultsOur results reveal that in aged, but not young mice, moderate ethanol exposure yielded significantly worsened intestinal permeability, including increased bacterial translocation from the gut, elevated serum iFABP and leakage of FITC-dextran from the gut. Interestingly, moderate ethanol exposure in young animals led to gut protective transcriptional changes in the ileum while this protective response was blunted in aged mice. Finally, moderate ethanol exposure in aged mice also resulted in marked inflammatory changes in the liver.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that aged mice are more susceptible to ethanol-induced gut barrier dysfunction and liver inflammation, even at moderate doses of ethanol. This increased vulnerability to ethanol’s gastrointestinal effects has important implications for alcohol use in the aging population. Future studies will explore whether improving intestinal barrier function can reverse these age-related changes.

【 授权许可】

CC BY