Trends in food insecurity rates at an academic primary care clinic: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Pediatrics

Arvin Garg¹  Laurie W. Albertini²  Alysha J. Taxter²  Kimberly Montez²  Scott D. Rhodes³  Eunyoung Y. Song⁴  Joseph A. Skelton⁵  Callie L. Brown⁶  Deepak Palakshappa⁷ 

[1] Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 01655, Worcester, MA, USA;Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, 27157, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, 27101, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, 27101, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;Health Quality Partners, Doyleston, PA, USA;Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, 27101, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, 27157, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, 27157, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;

关键词: Food insecurity;    Social determinants of health;    Primary care;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12887-021-02829-3

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundHealthcare organizations are increasingly screening and addressing food insecurity (FI); yet, limited data exists from clinic-based settings on how FI rates change over time. The objective of this study was to evaluate household FI trends over a two-year period at a clinic that implemented a FI screening and referral program.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, data were extracted for all visits at one academic primary care clinic for all children aged 0–18 years whose parents/guardians had been screened for FI at least once between February 1, 2018 to February 28, 2019 (Year 1) and screened at least once between March 1, 2019 to February 28, 2020 (Year 2). Bivariate analyses tested for differences in FI and demographics using chi-square tests. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to assess change in FI between Years 1 and 2 with random intercept for participants controlling for covariates. The interaction between year and all covariates was evaluated to determine differences in FI change by demographics.ResultsOf 6182 patients seen in Year 1, 3691 (59.7%) were seen at least once in Year 2 and included in this study. In Year 1, 19.6% of participants reported household FI, compared to 14.1% in Year 2. Of those with FI in Year 1, 40% had FI in Year 2. Of those with food security in Year 1, 92.3% continued with food security in Year 2. Compared to Hispanic/Latinx participants, African American/Black (OR: 3.53, 95% CI: 2.33, 5.34; p < 0.001) and White (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.36; p = 0.03) participants had higher odds of reporting FI. African American/Black participants had the largest decrease in FI between Years 1 and 2 (− 7.9, 95% CI: − 11.7, − 4.1%; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsBecause FI is transitional, particularly for racial/ethnic minorities, screening repeatedly can identify families situationally experiencing FI.

【 授权许可】

CC BY