Evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants

Virology Journal

Andrew G. McArthur¹  Pranav Pandit²  Karen Mossman³  Jalen Singh⁴  Arinjay Banerjee⁵ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;EpiCenter for Disease Dynamics, One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA;Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    Coronavirus;    Evolution;    Mutations;    Selection;    Variants;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12985-021-01633-w

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

The emergence of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and more recently, the independent evolution of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants has generated renewed interest in virus evolution and cross-species transmission. While all known human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are speculated to have originated in animals, very little is known about their evolutionary history and factors that enable some CoVs to co-exist with humans as low pathogenic and endemic infections (HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1), while others, such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have evolved to cause severe disease. In this review, we highlight the origins of all known HCoVs and map positively selected for mutations within HCoV proteins to discuss the evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, we discuss emerging mutations within SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern (VOC), along with highlighting the demonstrated or speculated impact of these mutations on virus transmission, pathogenicity, and neutralization by natural or vaccine-mediated immunity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY