Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

article

Alan Chait¹  Laura J. den Hartigh¹ 

[1] Division of Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Washington

关键词: adipokines;    subcutaneous white adipose tissue;    visceral white adipose tissue;    brown adipose tissue;    beige adipose tissue;    metabolic syndrome;    insulin resistance;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcvm.2020.00022

学科分类：地球科学(综合)

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Adipose tissue plays essential roles in maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis. To date several types of adipose tissue have been identified, namely white, brown, and beige, that reside in various specific anatomical locations throughout the body. The cellular composition, secretome, and location of these adipose depots define their function in health and metabolic disease. In obesity, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, promoting a pro-inflammatory, hyperlipidemic and insulin resistant environment that contributes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concurrently, similar features that result from adipose tissue dysfunction also promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) by mechanisms that can be augmented by T2DM. The mechanisms by which dysfunctional adipose tissue simultaneously promote T2DM and CVD, focusing on adipose tissue depot-specific adipokines, inflammatory profiles, and metabolism, will be the focus of this review. The impact that various T2DM and CVD treatment strategies have on adipose tissue function and body weight also will be discussed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY