Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification

Frontiers in Pediatrics

article

Sertac Arslanoglu¹  Anne Grovslien²  Guido E. Moro³  Gillian Weaver⁴  Aleksandra Maria Wesolowska⁵  Jean-Charles Picaud⁶  Clair-Yves Boquien⁸  Caroline King⁹  Delphine Lamireau^1,10  Paola Tonetto^1,11  Debbie Barnett^1,12  Enrico Bertino^1,11  Antoni Gaya^1,13  Corinna Gebauer^1,14 

[1] Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Medeniyet University;Neonatal Unit, Oslo University Hospital;Associazione Italiana Banche del Latte Umano Donato (AIBLUD);Rothamsted Research Institute, United Kingdom;Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw;CarMeN Unit, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1;Division of Neonatology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse;Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Nantes;Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, United Kingdom;Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux;Neonatal Unit of Turin University, City of Health and Science of Turin;Royal Hospital for Sick Children, United Kingdom;Banc de Teixits, Fundaciò Banc Sang i Teixits de les Illes Balears;Abteilung Neonatologie Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche

关键词: nutrition;    prematurity;    human milk;    adjustable fortification;    individualized fortification;    growth;    protein;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fped.2019.00076

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that “Standard Fortification,” which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of “Individualized Fortification” to optimize nutrient intake. “Adjustable Fortification” and “Targeted Fortification” are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge.

【 授权许可】

CC BY