Lung Microbiota and Pulmonary Inflammatory Cytokines Expression Vary in Children With Tracheomalacia and Adenoviral or Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

Frontiers in Pediatrics

article

Heping Wang¹  Kunling Shen²  Yinhu Li³  Shuai Cheng Li³  Ximing Xu⁴  Yongshun Shen⁵  Dongfang Li⁶  Yuejie Zheng¹  Qian Zhou⁶  Wenkui Dai³  Xin Feng⁶  Zhiwei Lu¹  Zhenyu Yang⁶  Yanhong Liu⁶  Gan Xie¹  Yonghong Yang¹ 

[1] Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital;Department of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital;Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong;Institute of Statistics, NanKai University;Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Dapeng District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital;Department of Microbial Research, WeHealthGene Institute

关键词: adenovirus;    bronchoalveolar lavage;    cytokine;    microbiota;    Mycoplasma pneumonia;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fped.2019.00265

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a worldwide infectious disease caused by bacteria, viruses, or a combination of these infectious agents. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an atypical pneumonia pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in children, and adenovirus can lead to severe pneumonia. However, the etiology of different types of pneumonia is still unclear. In this study, we selected a total of 52 inpatients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) ( n = 21), adenovirus pneumonia (AVP) ( n = 16), or tracheomalacia ( n = 15) to serve as a disease control. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples that had been obtained for clinical use were analyzed. We compared the differences in microbiota and the expression of 10 inflammatory cytokines in samples between MPP, AVP, and tracheomalacia. We found that the bacterial diversity in MPP was lower than that in AVP and tracheomalacia. Mycoplasma, Streptococcus , and Pseudomonas were predominant in samples of MPP, AVP, and tracheomalacia, respectively. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were significantly higher in inpatients with AVP compared to children hospitalized with tracheomalacia or MPP. The lung microbiota in MPP was remarkably correlated with IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1α expressions, while this was not found in tracheomalacia and AVP. Microbiota analysis identified a high load of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the lung microbiota of several inpatients, which might be associated with the long hospitalization length and intra-group differences at the individual level. This study will help to understand the microbial etiology of tracheomalacia, AVP, and MPP and to identify effective therapies for these diseases.

【 授权许可】

CC BY