The Cognitive Neuroscience of Stable and Flexible Semantic Typicality

Frontiers in Psychology

article

Jonathan R. Folstein¹  Michael A. Dieciuc¹ 

[1] Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States

关键词: typicality;    categorization;    semantic cognition;    situated cognition;    cognitive neuroscience;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01265

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Typicality effects are among the most well-studied phenomena in the study of concepts. The classical notion of typicality is that typical concepts share many features with category co-members and few features with members of contrast categories. However, this notion was challenged by evidence that typicality is highly context dependent and not always dependent on central tendency. Dieciuc and Folstein (2019) argued that there is strong evidence for both views and that the two types of typicality effects might depend on different mechanisms. A recent theoretical framework, the controlled semantic cognition framework ( Lamdon Ralph et al., 2017 ) strongly emphasizes the classical view, but includes mechanisms that could potentially account for both kinds of typicality. In contrast, the situated cognition framework ( Barsalou, 2009b ) articulates the context-dependent view. Here, we review evidence from cognitive neuroscience supporting the two frameworks. We also briefly evaluate the ability of computational models associated with the CSC to account for phenomena supporting SitCog ( Rogers and McClelland, 2004 ). Many predictions of both frameworks are borne out by recent cognitive neuroscience evidence. While the CSC framework can at least potentially account for many of the typicality phenomena reviewed, challenges remain, especially with regard to ad hoc categories.

【 授权许可】

CC BY